Effect of hydration on blood pressure

Effect of hydration on crinkle atmospheric draw conceptionWater is the key to either living without it, life as we sleep together it would non exist. So it is natural to believe that hydration should stimulate an effect on pitch squelch and fancy appraise, considering our join is everywherely one of the keys to our life as humans. So we will be streamleting what appropriate hydration has on channelline pull and put onionateness consec enjoin, if any. Blood wardrobe is the pressure of the blood within our arteries. The footprintment is recorded as the systolic pressure (pressure when essence contracts) over the diastolic pressure (pressure when the flavour is relaxed). (Weedman, Sokoloski 2009)A study was make at Franz-Volhard Clinical research center that examined how urine drinking unnatural blood pressure in the frame. The results showed that drinking 500mL of wet system change magnitude patients blood pressure and in any case increased vegetable marrow rate (Schroeder 2002). Although it was only a slight increase, it shut up had an appropriate on the pressure and center field rate.Jens Jordan also did a study on how water affects blood pressure and bring that the older the patient was the more than of an effect drinking water had on blood pressure. In fact, in some of the young patients drinking water had no effect at all. However, when the water did have an effect it increased blood pressure every single eon. Some of the reasons for this increase, Jordan describes, be because water and plasma have different osmolarities (concentration of solute vs. solution), the pressure in the blood increases. Also, water may cause different plasma concentrations in the blood which would also cause an increase in blood pressure (Jordan 2002).Rats and humans are very alike organisms. Our bodies some(prenominal) function and are made similarly. So when David Belanger and Samuel M. Feldman did a study on the effects of water depri vation on rats, we elicit predict that something similar may happen in humans. The rats heart rates reduced the longer they were dehydrated (Belanger and Feldman 1962). The study did not test what hydrating the rats would do, but since the heart rates decreased without water, it is possible that they would increase with water. mavin reasonable explanation of why evaporation affects blood pressure is repayable to the tightening of blood vessels. The volume of blood in the blood vessels and veins of the body will begin to lessen when water is drawn from them. As a result, the vessels and veins will contract in order to stay full of blood (otherwise there is extra space, leaving room for gas to build up). This spotting results in high tension, or high blood pressure (Healthy-water-best-filters).I hypothesize that hydration will affect blood pressure and heart rate. I predict that the blood pressure and heart rate will increase. The meaning of this experiment is determining how hyd ration affects blood pressure and heart rate. It is important to sack out this because high blood pressure is a dangerous condition, and many commonwealth suffer from it. If hydration can affect blood pressure (and heart rate) in a good way, it may produce many ways to athletic supporter keep blood pressure and heart rate at a healthy state.Materials and MethodsFirst, the variable to be tested (hydration) was decided by the grade and a question to test was determined. The dependent variable was blood pressure and heart rate (beats per min). The independent variable was hydration (and sentence). Basal readings (resting blood pressure and heart rate) for separately scholarly somebody were used from the last experiment. Each student did not drink any water over the duration of the disunite (about 2.5 hours), and at the end of class, each student drank roughly 16oz of water. Each person recorded their blood pressure and heart rate at conviction energy by using their elementar y BP and HR from the past experiments. instanter after drinking the water, a partner began timing the other partner. all three flecks each partner heedful their partners blood pressure (systolic/diastolic pressure) and heart rate (beats per min) using a digital sphygmomanometer (which express both heart rate and blood pressure). A stepment was taken every three minutes for 12 minutes. There were 13 convocations who self-contained information, so 26 total students data was obtained and put into excel. Averages, T-Tests, and ranges were then accomplish and analyzed. (Weedman, Sokoloski 2009)ResultsAfter all 26 students in the class drank about 16oz of water, each found a partner and started to record the blood pressure and heart rate of each other every 3 minutes for 12 minutes. The data for each student was obtained and analyzed in an excel spreadsheet.The meanspirited readings (resting rate) for blood pressure (systolic/diastolic pressure) for all 26 students ranged fro m 83/57 to 158/105. After every student took three main(a) readings, the cleans for each basal reading were taken, and all three middlings were averaged at 108/69. The blood pressures at time zero ranged from 91/58 to 175/134. After the outliers were removed, the average for time zero was 117/74. At 3 minutes, the blood pressures ranged from 86/63 to 157/117 and the average was 111/69 after outliers were removed. At 6 minutes, the blood pressures ranged from 85/52 to 150/75 and the average was 109/70 after outliers were removed. At 9 minutes, the blood pressures ranged from 91/53 to 140/80 and the average was 116/75 after outliers were removed. At 12 minutes, the blood pressures ranged from 91/59 to 137/69 and the average was 113/70 after outliers were removed. After performing a T-Test, we can determine that the data is significant (the result of the test was 0.33). (Table 2) chart 2 illustrates how the systolic and diastolic pressures didnt change over time. After drinking 16o z of water, the blood pressure was not affected at all. The slope of the trendline for average systolic pressure is -0.1. We can determine that this is extremely close to zero. Its not copious of a slope to say that the systolic pressure decreased at all. The slope of the trendline for average diastolic pressure is -0.07. Again, this is close enough to zero to determine that there was no change in diastolic pressure.The heart rate basal readings for all 26 students ranged from 53 beats per minute ( beats per minute) to 122 metronome marking. The overall average basal reading for heart rate was 76.57 bpm. At time zero, the heart rates ranged from 44 bpm to 116 bpm and the average was 69.5 bpm after outliers were removed. At 3 min, the heart rates ranged from 52 bpm to 106 bpm and the average was 67.25 bpm once outliers were removed. At 6 min, the heart rates ranged from 51 bpm to 108 bpm and the average was 66.3 bpm once the outliers were removed. At 9 min, the heart rates ranged f rom 55 bpm to 116 bpm and the average was 68.67 bpm once outliers were removed. At 12 min, the heart rates ranged from 42 bpm to 100 bpm and the average was 69.33 bpm once outliers were removed. (Table 1)Graph 1 illustrates the changes in the heart rate over the 12 minutes. From 0 to 6 minutes, the heart rate decreases by 3.2 bpm, but from 6 to 12 minutes, the heart rate increases by 3.03 bpm. However, since the average basal reading was 76.57 bpm, we can see that after drinking water, the heart rate immediately decreased by 7.07 bpm, and didnt recover after the 12 minutes. Since we didnt measure recuperation rate, we dont know how long it took the body to recover.DiscussionI hypothesized that hydration would affect blood pressure and heart rate. I predicted that hydration would cause the blood pressure and heart rate to increase. The data did not completely support my dead reckoning and prediction. Hydration did not affect blood pressure, but it did affect heart rate.Graph 2 ill ustrates that once students drank 16oz of water their blood pressure was not affected. The slopes of both of the trendlines for systolic and diastolic pressures were extremely close to zero, showing that the blood pressures did not change due to hydration. Although the pressures increased a bit from the basal readings, it still follows the trend of the graph, and would not affect the trendlines. So we determine that hydration did not affect blood pressure.Graph 1 illustrates that heart rate was affected by hydration. From time zero to 6 minutes, the average heart rate decreased by 3.2 bpm. From 6 to 12 minutes, the heart rate increased by 3.03 bpm. These increases and decreases of the heart rate are very close to each other. If we measured heart rate longer, we would be able to determine if this was a mannequin or not. With the amount of data we have, its hard to determine if this is a significant increase and decrease. However, from the average basal reading of 76.57 bpm (Table 1) to the reading at time zero, there was an average decrease of 7.07 bpm. Compared to the other decrease in the graph, this is a much larger one. So we can conclude that hydration does affect heart rate, but only for a brief period of time. It decreases heart rate immediately, but after about 6 minutes, the heart rate begins to increase again. We cant determine if the heart rate is recovering because we didnt measure until the rate completely recovered. So we can only conclude from our data that hydration decreases heart rate for about 6 minutes, and then it begins to recover.An alternative hypothesis for the effect of hydration on blood pressure and heart rate would be that it would not affect blood pressure, and it would affect heart rate. The results of the study conducted at Franz-Volhard Clinical research center do not match the results we got in our experiment. They discovered that hydration increased both blood pressure and heart rate (Schroeder 2002). Our study showed that hy dration does not affect blood pressure, but it does increase heart rate (for a certain period of time). Jens Jordans study, however, supports our results. In some of the younger patients in his study, hydration had no effect on blood pressure. But in the older patients, blood pressure increased (Jordan 2002). Since the patients of our experiment are all young, our results match Jordans. The study done my David Belanger and Samuel M. Feldman was conducted with rats, not humans and was the effect that dehydration has on heart rate. Their results showed that the longer the rats were dehydrated, the more the heart rates decreased (Belanger and Feldman 1962). I predicted that since the heart rates decreased without water, they would increase with water. Since the experiments and variables were a poor different, its hard to compare the results of our experiment with theirs. But, my prediction that was based on their experiment was not supported by our data.I have identified several(preno minal) weaknesses in our experimental setup. If the amount of time allowed to measure the blood pressure and heart rate were extended, we could have determined when the blood pressure and heart rate recovered, and that would have helped with the analysis of our data immensely-especially the heart rate. We may have been able to determine if the heart rate actually did decrease, or if it was skilful a pattern that the body and heart have naturally. So recovery time would have helped with the significance of our data, as well as the analysis. Also, our data might have been more accurate with a larger group of people. More people would have solidified our data as more accurate.Works CitedBelanger, David, and Samuel M. Felman. 1962. Effects of water deprivation upon heart rate and subservient activity in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 55. desiccation And Blood Pressure Are Linked. Treat HBP with Water Dehydration symptoms= Sickness. continuing Dehydration, Treatment, Hydration. 31 Jan. 2010. .Jordan, Jens. 2002. Acute effect of water on blood pressure. Mini-Symposium come off Article.Schroeder, Christoph, Victoria E. Bush, Lucy J. Norcliffe, Friedrick C. Luft, Jens Tank, JensJordan, and Roger Hainsworth. 2002. Water Drinking Acutely Improves Orthostatic Tolerance In Healthy Subjects. Clinical Investigation and Reports.Weedman, Donna, and Erica Smith Sokoloski. Biology of Organisms A Laboratory Manual for LIFE103. Vol. 5E. Mason Cengage Learning, 2009.