Essay on Nonverbal Communication A Notion to Motion

A simple smile, a gazing stare, a firm hand shake or just an unpretentious hello are all forms of communication. While it is essential to the coexistence of the human race, communication is the one thing that is common amongst people of all cultures. Crapo (2013) explained that communication is transference of a philosophies and information from one person to another by ones actions, gestures, and words (Human communication, para.1). Although people use different avenues to express their thoughts and ideas, intercultural communication can be misconstrued when learning to understand different customs. For example, in America, it is not unusual to be convinced that a smile represents happiness. On the other hand, in the Japanese culture,†¦show more content†¦Needless to say body language plays a large part in communicating. There are seven practices of nonverbal communication that are used to convey the messages to the person or persons of whom one is speaking. Crapo (2013) no ted that kinesics and haptics are two types of nonverbal communication that are associated with body movement and touch. Although verbal communication is understood within one’s own social group, the interpretation of body language can be a vitally imperative when establishing a connection with people of different nationalities. Safadi and Valentine (1985) described gestures as being â€Å"contextually linked, to the situation, and along with the interplay of body and facial movement and utterance, they together convey the speaker’s intent† (pg.5). However there are some cross cultural hand gestures that can be misinterpreted in different regions of the world. For instance, to gesture okay in America, one would connect the thumb and the index finger in a circular shape with the other three fingers extended upwards. Conversely, in Arabian cultures, the same borrowed symbol can be interpreted as an obscenity referring to the evil eye. If an Arabic person were to u se the okay gesture in another person direction while shaking, it symbolizes that the person receiving the gesture is being cursed (U.S. Army, 2006). On theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Verbal and Nonverbal Communication in Our Time is Up1012 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferences between verbal communication and nonverbal communication? Can we communicate every aspect of whatever we want to express by only verbal messages. Why do we use euphemisms, connotation and denotation to express ideas that are uncomfortable or hard to communicate to others? Cite examples from the motion picture shown in the class and other relevant examples. There are many different ways to communicate with one another, however the primary aspects of communication underlie between two groupsRead MoreNon-Verbal Communication and Western Culture1389 Words   |  6 PagesWhile communication via spoken word constitutes a large part of everyday life, there is another type of communication that often goes overlooked. This other form of communication, known as nonverbal communication, is arguably used more frequently on an everyday basis than verbal communication (Knapp, 2013). Yet, rather than the use of spoken words, nonverbal communication revolves around displaying body language and other visual cues to communicate efficiently with others. Nevertheless, it shouldRead MoreNon Verbal Communication At A Lancaster County Grocery Store930 Words   |  4 Pagescommunicate with their actions using nonverbal communication, the communication that is voiced with out linguistic ways (Adler, Proctor 188). Throughout life individuals discover how to c ommunicate non verbally among each other and daily life is the classroom. Non verbal communication is key to interacting with others as well as a crucial role in social life and one’s own sanity. Observations were made to assist perception in the comprehension of this non verbal communication assignment supporting to absorbRead MoreNonverbal Communication And The Communication1296 Words   |  6 Pagesdefine the word â€Å"communication† as the act of speaking, however, in actuality, communication involves the interactions of multiple people with the act of speaking and listening. A business consultant and eloquent write Peter Drucker once said that â€Å"the most important thing in communication is hearing what isn’t said† and this is nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication is the use of other aspects instead of words to communicate. Four significant types of nonverbal communication are kinesics,Read MoreThe Principles of Communication1557 Word s   |  6 PagesCommunication is an ever-developing topic in which human beings can express their feelings and emotions on a daily basis whether they were positive or negative in the most suitable way. According to Preja (2013) the term â€Å"Communication† can be traced back to the Latin word â€Å"Communis† which stands for â€Å"to be connected to† or â€Å"to be in a relationship with†. Communication can be classified to two types, verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication focuses mainly on vocals while non-verbal communicationRead MoreInterpretation And Comparison Of Online Digital Objects1594 Words   |  7 PagesHush, of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, occurring approximately 27 minutes in. I have chosen to scrutinize this particular scene as its complete lack of dialogue allows us to closely examine how non-verbal communication is used to convey meaning. â€Å"Nonverbal communication between people is communication through sending and receiving wordless cues† (Stephen W. Littlejohn 2009). When we consider that ‘Individuals are believed to use clothing to define and communicate their social identities to others† (FienbergRead MoreEffectiveness Of The Patient Centered Care Experience Helps Improve Patient Prognosis, Treatment And Outcomes954 Words   |  4 Pagessatisfaction with the care provided and increases their application of prescribed treatment plan. Therapeutic communication in the health professions helps to facilitate positive patient perceptions and strengthens the healthcare provider-patient relationship (Berman and Snyder, 2012). The core of these relationships rely on the standard application of therapeutic communication. Therapeutic communication involves the use â€Å"of specific techniques, including the use of open-ended questions, touch, focusingRead MoreVerbal and Nonverbal Communication11225 Words   |  45 Pages Verbal and Nonverbal Communication When we are attempting to transfer our meaning to another person, we use three different modes, methods, or channels to carry our intentions. We use these modes to tell people who we are, how we experience the world, and the meaning we attach to our experience. We communicate verbally and nonverbally, and often with mixed signals or noise. When two persons, A and B, are attempting to communicate with each other, their communication is distorted by their personalitiesRead MoreEffects of Communication Barriers and Overcoming These Barriers2435 Words   |  10 Pages1.0 Introduction Good morning ladies and gentleman, today I would like to talk about communication barriers and suggestion to overcome these barriers. Communication is neither transmission of message nor message itself. It is the mutual exchange of understanding, originating with the receiver. Communication needs to be effectives in business and is essence of management. Effective communication is crucial at every level of an organization. However, the ability to communicate effectively does notRead MoreMgt 300 Study Guide - Exam 22705 Words   |  11 Pagesemphasizes careful selection and training of workers and supervisory support. Principles of Scientific Management: 1. Develop for every job a â€Å"science† that includes rules of motion, standardized work implements, and proper working conditions. (Gilbreths motion study- the science of reducing a task to its basic physical motions)2. Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the job. 3. Carefully train workers to do the job and give them the proper incentives to cooperate with the job â€Å"science

The Role of a Nurse - 1565 Words

1.1 Analyse the Role of the Nurse The complex nature of nursing means that there is no single definition that encompasses every aspect of the role of the nurse. A nurse is required to have several attributes and skills to carry out their everyday duties; they must show compassion, empathy, excellent communication skills both verbal and non-verbal. In some cases nurses are also required to become advocators for patients who are not able to communicate for themselves. A nurse is also required to be non-prejudice and understand and acknowledge other cultures and beliefs, for example some religions do not believe in blood transfusions, as a nurse it is important not to judge when faced with such a dilemma. It is paramount that the nurse is†¦show more content†¦Other member may become resentful and this could cause the team to break down. Working under supervision is equally as important as working in a team when it comes to nursing. It is important because a nurse is required to be competent in everything she/he does. Therefore it is beneficial as support is provided from a senior more experienced member of staff who is able to guide and monitor junior members of the team. Monitoring the level of care/service provided to patients ‘and has the simultaneous purposes of enhancing the professional functioning of the junior member(s)’ (Consedine, 2004, internet). 1.3 Explain a range of ethical and moral dilemmas faced by a nurse. Nurses face a wide range of ethical and moral dilemmas throughout their career. Ethical dilemmas are situations in which there are conflicting moral claims. In some of these situations people do not know what the ethically right thing to do is. They do not agree about the ethically right thing to do and often cannot find satisfactory solutions or there are two equally unsatisfactory solutions. Or they may know what the ethically right thing to do is, but do not want to act on this. Do not resuscitate is becoming an increasingly common ethical dilemma. Some patients would prefer not to be resuscitated where as others may decide otherwise. Recent cases have highlighted the desirability to be resuscitated;Show MoreRelatedThe Role Of The Nurse1209 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The paper compares and contrasts the observed and evaluated role of the nurse practioner in the emergency department to that cited in professional guidelines, theory, and research. The paper evaluates what it entails for a nurse practioner to learn about their role within the health care system. I contacted Shannon Hamilton, FNP, MSN, for a knowledgeable discussion to explore the role of the advanced professional nurse in the emergency department. Ms. Hamilton is a novice in the field,Read MoreThe Role Of A Nurse1273 Words   |  6 PagesTask 1a The role of a Nurse Initial meeting and assessment of situation The first thing the nurse will do when assessing the patient will be to request their medical records, if they haven’t been brought up already. This is to help gain some background information of the patient and see if there’s anything of great importance which could help the patient. While that’s been done they would request a blood and urine test to see if Melinda has ingested anything they should be aware. ConsultationsRead MoreThe Roles Of A Nurse1754 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper explores the roles that nurses play in bereavement care and how people react differently to the loss of a loved one during the bereavement process such as uncomplicated grief reactions versus complicated grief. The nurse’s role in disenfranchised grief is also explored in detail as to how the nurse can recognize grief from disenfranchised grief. The different types of disenfranchised grief are explained in detail and how a person may experience the different types. The four tasks of mourningRead MoreRoles And Roles Of Pediatric Nurses Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesRoles of Pediatric Nurses in Healthcare and in Health Promotion: Literature Review Introduction Pediatric nurses work on health promotion, pain management, and alleviation of psychological distress for the clients and their families. Generally, health promotion and advocacy activities are the dominance of holistic nursing practices. Nurses participate in both patient advocacy and legislative advocacy to encourage healthy patterns. Pediatric nursing in Canada focuses on the health promotion activitiesRead MoreRole Of Nurse Leader And Nurse Manager1547 Words   |  7 PagesRole of Nurse Leader and Nurse Manager in Nursing Shortage and Turn-over During the recent years, the American Healthcare system is struggling with the issue of the nursing shortage and turnover. There are many rationales and reasons for this issue and the writer will discuss some of them in this paper. Nursing shortage and turnover remarkably influenced on the provision of the services by the health care provider, the financial burden on the healthcare facility and also a stressful working environmentRead MoreThe Role of the Nurse Leader1271 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of the Nurse Leader The role of the nurse leader entails many of the same duties as other nursing staff. The primary focus of the nurse leader is of course, patient care. However, the role of a nurse leader extends far beyond that managing staff in direct care roles. Many people confuse the terms management with leadership, but in practice the implications of these terms differ significantly (Anderson, 2012). The nurse leader must take steps to advance the nursing as a profession andRead MoreRoles Of The School Nurse1693 Words   |  7 PagesCommunity College Abstract This paper explores the various roles of the school nurse, including health promotion in the pediatric setting and maintaining patient safety as well as preventing infection. Health promotion not only has a positive impact on the students attending the school, but on the community as well. Health promotion can include health fairs, and various screening procedures performed by the school nurse. The school nurse is responsible for providing quality care to students, andRead MoreThe Roles Of The Nurse Leaders960 Words   |  4 PagesI will explain how the nurse leaders play an important role in promoting Evidenced based practice. I will also discuss strategies that can be utilize when there is a change that occurs due to the implementation of evidenced based practice. I will then describe powers behind an ever-changing healthcare culture, as well as current issues and trends that are occurring. I will then compare and contrast work group cultures to other organizational cultures. Role of the Nurse Leader in promoting evidenced-basedRead MoreThe Basic Role Of The Nurse1729 Words   |  7 Pages The basic role of the nurse is awareness of what to do during and after disasters. This should lessen panicking, paranoid and uncontrollable people running around. Knowing interventions when a disaster strikes will also lessen the death toll in many areas and will impact less on the affected as well as knowing what to do after disaster, and at least basic first aid, will enable students help the authorities in saving lives. To beginning with it will be good to get the meaning of disaster and theRead MoreThe Roles Of The Registered Nurse1576 Words   |  7 PagesThe Delegator Role of the Registered Nurse Appropriate Delegation of Responsibilities The role of the Registered Nurse (RN) entails great responsibility. The nurse must protect the health, safety, and welfare of the community using his or her best clinical judgement. Among the responsibilities of the Registered Nurse is the role of delegation. In 2005, both the American Nurses Association and National Council of State Boards of Nursing adopted papers on delegation. Both papers had the same message

Nursing Intervention In Acute Surgical Careâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Nursing Intervention In Acute Surgical Care? Answer: Introduction: The health care industry has advanced considerably by the virtue of scientific nd clinical reasoning techniques added to it. Along with the care standards and care delivery has changed completely as well. Be it the clinical reasoning cycle and the or the evidence based practice the innovations have made the medical care more patient centered than it ever was. With the changes to the health care structure the nursing care has changed completely. As the patients spend a considerable amount of time with the nursing professionals and are much more comfortable with the nursing professionals, the upgrading standards of nursing care has improved the patient satisfaction drastically as well (Brenner Kautz, 2015). This report will demonstrate the upgraded nursing care in details taking an acute surgical care setting as an example. Acute care scenario: The acute care scenario opted for the assignment is of cholecystosis, a very common health concern among the middle aged men and women. Cholecystosis is known as a gall bladder inflammation that blocks the cystic duct and traps the digestive bile inside the gall bladder. The bile is necessary for digestion of fat and absorption of some key vitamins, which is the reason the individual suffering with this particle disease experiences excruciating right upper quadrant pain upon consuming oil rich heavy food, other symptoms for this includes fever nausea and vomiting. Usually cholecystosis is coupled with gall stones but acalculous cholecystosis is just as frequent. The treatment plan for a severe cholecystosis with gall stones is cholecystectomy or surgical removal if the gall bladder (Graham et al., 2012). Nursing care: The nrs8ng care plan for a middle aged man suffering with cholecystosis coupled with gall stones should include stabilizing his vitals, restoring normal body temperature, minimizing his pain and preparing and caring for the patient before and after the surgery. In the preoperative scenario minimizing the pain that the patient is going through is the first scope for nursing interventions. The nursing profession must assess the pain the patient is experiencing using a modern pain assessment tool, the depending on the pain scale determined by the patient the nurse must administer pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. The nursing professional must administer medication like multimodal analgesia to minimize the pain (Hambridge, 2013). Along with that the nursing professional can encourage nonpharmacological interventions like changing the position and making relaxing conversations. Other than that the nurse must administer antipyretics to minimize the nausea and fever that the patient is under and care should be taken that the vital signs pf the patient and his nutritional levels are restored before the surgery. After the surgery, the postoperative pain and discomfort should be monitored and addressed with milder analgesia, and his vital signs should also be diligently monitored until his conditions are stabilized (Lee Lee, 2013). Barriers and facilitators: Apart from a sound an safe nursing care plan for a patient dealing with a acute medical condition in need for a surgical care, there are a number of factors that has profound effect on the success of the care plan and the safety and wellbeing of the patient. All these factors can present barriers and challenges in the path for the patent to gain full recovery, one of these factors can be fear and apprehension in the patient. A patient that is going through acute pain and several other medical complexities can get terrified and somewhat paranoid with the impending surgery (Oruc, Ugurlu Boyacioglu, 2012). In such situation a nursing assistance can act as the facilitator for the patent attaining a smooth journey to recovery and regain the life back. Educating the patient about his medical condition and how the treatment plan selected for him can help him go though this rough phase much easily can overcome the apprehension successfully. Resistance nad non cooperation from the patient an d his family can also act as a barrier, communicating and educating them can serve as an adequate intervention complete with the standard consent process. Furthermore, incorporating 8 core values of strength based nursing to enforce empowerment and self-dependence in the patient can be the biggest facilitator in this scenario (Zheng, Qin Zhao, 2012). Potential complication: Another important aspect of a complete care scenario is the occurrence of unwanted complications that can severely damage the condition of the patient further and affect his or her chances to speedy recovery. For instance, the case scenario opted for this assignment revolves around a case of acute cholecystosis requiring immediate surgical intervention. A common complication that can arose in this scenario is post operative infection. Infections are te most common cause for health complexities leading to co-morbidities in the health care scenario, and according to the centre for disease control 40000 deaths occur every year sue to the hospital acquired infections (Gould, 2012). In such situations according to the guidelines of CNO, the RPN designated to the patient must take actions in accordance to the standards outlined. For instance the nurse must administer antibiotic based prophylaxis to minimize the spread of the infection. Moreover the nurse must ensure preventative measures l ike proper hand hygiene and oral hygiene using mild antimicrobial agents like chlorehexin. Lastly, the RPN is responsible for the safety and wellbeing of the patient, hence RPN must adhere to the systemic approach as guided by the CNO protocols to ensure a comfortable and aseptic environment for the patient (Cno.org, 2017). Conclusion: On a concluding note, it can be said that with te emergence of newer ad better regulatory authorities and organizations like CNO standardizing the health care practice, medical care has become most safe and patient centred at this point. The health care professionals are investing time and effort to adhere to the regulatory benchmarks to ensure optimal care is provided to the patients. Hence it can be hoped that with the periodic amendments to the regulatory guidelines and provisions every day, health care will attain a stage where flaws will cease to exist in medicine. References: Brenner, P., Kautz, D. D. (2015). Postoperative care of patients undergoing same-day laparoscopic cholecystectomy.AORN journal,102(1), 15-32. Gould, D. (2012). Causes, prevention and management of surgical site infection.Nursing standard,26(47), 47-56. Graham, L., Neal, C. P., Garcea, G., Lloyd, D. M., Robertson, G. S., Sutton, C. D. (2012). Evaluation of nurse?led discharge following laparoscopic surgery.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice,18(1), 19-24. Hambridge, K. (2013). Assessing the risk of post-operative nausea and vomiting.Nursing Standard,27(18), 35-43. Home. (2017). Cno.org. Retrieved 14 May 2017, from https://www.cno.org/ Lee, C. K., Lee, I. F. K. (2013). Preoperative patient teaching: the practice and perceptions among surgical ward nurses.Journal of clinical nursing,22(17-18), 2551-2561. Oruc, M. T., Ugurlu, M. U., Boyacioglu, Z. (2012). Transumbilical multiple-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy using standard laparoscopic instruments.Minimally Invasive Therapy Allied Technologies,21(6), 423-428. Zheng, M., Qin, M., Zhao, H. (2012). Laparoendoscopic single-site cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled study.Minimally Invasive Therapy Allied Technologies,21(2), 113-117.

The Political Supreme Court Essay Example For Students

The Political Supreme Court Essay The Political Supreme CourtIt is nearly impossible to avoid politics during the appointments of high profile positions; therefore, the idea that Supreme Court is above politics when referring to its appointments is giving to much credit to that entity. The appointments of the Supreme Court, as with any political body, correlate no only to the medias portraying, but also to interest group the President wishes to appease. A very recent example of the politics involved in Supreme Court appointments was the 2001 election. It was assumed that the next president would probably be making three new appointment to the Supreme Court. Because of this fact, the president could use this politial power to his advantage: that is to sway interest groups that had not previously supported him. For example, since Bushs female support was not that high because of his stance on abortion, it would help him a great deal to nominate a female to the Supreme Court. A female to the Supreme Court adds many points to Bushs plate because it appeases the female audience as well as the Pro-Choice activists. His second appointment would probably be more conservative to appease his Republican interest groups. We will write a custom essay on The Political Supreme Court specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Continuing on this idea of appeasing interest groups, their are a few major bodies that have political weight in the appointments of the Supreme Court. It seems obvious that an appointment that is made will not be made to hurt reputation only to enhance. Therefore, the president would desire to appease the most interest groups possible with each appointment. In consideration when making appointments would obviously be the candidates gender, race (to appease members of less represented minorities), religious affiliation (their stance on abortion et. al), possibility of judicial activism or restraint, and partisan affiliation (get the backing of your own interest groups or to gain support from the opposing). Now these interest groups also try to win over the president in the nomination of Supreme Court justices. They would often be found lobbying lobbying the judicial committee and the President. These interest groups would lobby to get whichever justice they feel is most sensitive to their needs elected. Depending upon how important that interest group is to the president determines how much pressure they apply on his decision. Lastly the media also has a large role in the appointments. They media can often be viewed as a popularity guide. Since it is a very powerful entity, the president does not wish to accumulate bad press and therefore could be found be very choosing the appointment that would be in his best favor. Newspapers (the NY Times) and TV stations (CNN) as well as radio broadcaster (such as Imus) have huge audiences. If they feel that a president made a bad selection they let people know about and what say can have a large impact on how the president is viewed. The president would want to avoid this at all cost because bad press is the worst form of press. Since it is obvious that the election of justices to the Supreme Court is as political in roots as any other election it is safe to say that it is now above politics. It suffers from the same fate as another other appointment because all decisions fall under public scrutiny and it is the public who will reelect the president. The interest groups, the media, and the politcal background and characteristics of the appointment all play major roles in the selection of a justice and is a highly political event. Sources:http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/sunstein/http://www.statenews.org/news/2000/august/opr-081000-01.html (is realaudio file also)Words/ Pages : 604 / 24

Generation X free essay sample

How is the work of HR practitioners and operating managers similar to that of physicians who conduct a diagnosis before treating a patient? The problems also be examined throughout a careful diagnosis using The ARDM (A=acquiring, R=rewarding, D=developing, M=maintaining and protecting). This model with a strategic focus can help operating managers focus on a set of relevant factors; you can see the whole picture or parts of it. 2. The productivity of the workplace is essential for the success of an organization. What HRM activities and programs can impact productivity? Specific activities and practices can improve individual performance and consequently organizational productivity. Managers using diagnosis, prescription, implementation and evaluation can help employees achieve their optimum level of productivity. 3. Historically, HRM activities and tools were developed and implemented by a department or functional unit. Today however, operating managers are in the forefront in applying and modifying HRM tools and activities. We will write a custom essay sample on Generation X or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Why has the shift in application occurred? They learned through laid off employees about the HRM activities what their competitors does in their HRM’s departments; if a firm is has a strong culture noted for the fair, equitable, and productive treatment of human resources it will be less susceptible to losing all or any of its competitive advantage. 4. What role does education playing in the fastest-growing occupations? It can lead to deficiencies in some countries to scarcity of qualified employees, as well as a lack of educational facilities to upgrade potential employees. If there’s no skilled employees to fill a position that company is not in a position to compete in the market. . Why must external environmental forces be considered in the design of an HRM program? The environment can have a significant impact on how HRM programs are used and which activities are conducted. The manager can use a diagnostic orientation will better determined, examined and understand the complexities around it. 6. Explain why HRM is playing a larger role in an organization’s strategy than it did 10 years ago. The work sector in which the organization is operating,(public, private or third), determines the complexity, strategic importance and power of HRM as a function and the activities operating managers must implement. . HR processes are designed to acquire, reward, develop, and maintain/protect human resources. What are the desirable organizational end results of such processes? HRM practitioners and specialist will have to communicate this to educator’s parents and community leaders that we need more educated people and higher levels of language, math and reasoning skills that the current ones to currently fill the jobs that the companies need to compete. A shortage of skilled talent can damage any firm’s competitive position. Strategic human resource planning models will have to carefully weigh differences in skills and shortage of skills. 8. Small firms, like large enterprises, must engage in developing clearly stated strategic plans. Why? HRM must make decisions and solve problems in a way that is both socially responsible and ethically sound, while helping the firm satisfy its customers and its employees. 9. What are the implications for a society with an aging workforce? The baby boomers (born between 1946-1963) are staying in the workforce longer and the generation x (born between 1964-1981) is vying for jobs held onto by older workers. The potential conflict between these two large groups is likely to increase because the cost will be higher and will be less jobs available to fill. 10. Was Martha’s leadership style at National Pancake House 827 effective? Why? Yes. Because she heard the opinions of the persons implicated and use the ARDM model to determine which decision choose. Also, she involved the other employees; giving them empowerment over their position, and took a decision while respect their feelings. She was able to get another cook for less salary, motivate Lenny and the other employees and maintain a great environment at their job. This is a great example of what Human Resources can do. THIRD TASK: INDIVIDUAL REPORT: ANSWERS TO APPLICATION CASE 2-1 CULTURE CLASH 1. What will organizations have to do to adapt to the influx of needed Generation Y individuals? First of all, I think that they have to establish the limits of what they can or can’t do at the company. In society we have rules and procedures to follow to better get along with everyone. Even so, the managers will be challenged to minimized the friction between the generations and maximize the assets of their work values and styles simultaneously. 2. Is Generation Y really that different than previous generations that entered the workforce in large numbers? Explain. Yes. Because that generation has been coddled and pumped up to believe that they can achieve anything and their early immersion at pc’s, video games, e-mails, internet and cellphones has changed their thought patterns and also their way that their brains develop physiologically. They are accustomed to get feedback daily and not annually (I think that this shows insecurity), they are fearless and blunt. They think that they know everything and don’t show respect for respectable positions or elders. . Will Generation Y individuals have to make adjustments in their style, preferences, and interests to be successful in their careers? Yes. They will need to make adjustments in every way. But not all them, also the companies and the human resources departments because we have to evolve with every generation that comes forward to the working floor and we have to find ways to interact between the employees and the management for the good of the firm. The HRM is the liaison that can bring together two important parts of the puzzle and make them work as one.

Free Essays on Be Your Self

"if it floats his boat then let him row."... Free Essays on Be Your Self Free Essays on Be Your Self I don't see what the problem with people excepting the fact that people have the right of freedom of choice although they may not like what the person is choosing. Although it's not ethical for alot of people it is widely spreading across the world. People from all ethnicities becoming more open about their sexuality. Gays now as suppose to the early days are given more equality within the workplace and in society. Being a homosexual should not limit your way of life due to partiality of sexuality or moral belief. Like a lot of people I was a skeptical about homosexuality to it hit home and I got the full understanding why they chose that way of life. I asked my uncle what made him choose homosexuality and the only thing that he told me was " I didn't choose to be gay it chose me" I didn't get it but in his words he explained that he fells comfortable in the presence of male and that the love all people look for he desired in a man although confusing I would say in my own words " if it floats his boat then let him row."...

Locke, Berkeley, Plato or desecrates can be the topic of the Research Paper

Locke, Berkeley, Plato or desecrates can be the topic of the .(choose one) - Research Paper Example Appearance may refer to something that simple seems to be and the reality is what the object actually is. These two aspects are normative and positive respectively and a number of philosophers like Locke, Berkeley and Descartes have written about them as their main areas of focus in order to decipher what is appearing to be and what actually is in reality. This paper helps to provide an insight into the realms of appearance and reality with respect to the works of the above mentioned philosophers and how their theories and ideas have actually compelled the world today to think in a certain manner. The main reason behind which one actually began to understand a demarcation between appearance and reality is misleading situations in everyday life. Human beings have a vast imagination which can take them to places; however this same imagination leads them into thinking things that may not actually exist. For example, emotions like fear and terror are created in the minds of people. Fear of the dark or the unknown is something that most people possess as a natural instinct however, the fact of the matter remains that the fear is simply something that appears to be and does not exist in reality because the fear has been planted by someone or something else most of the time rather than arising out of some situation. There are times when people assume things and circumstances and end up realising that whatever happened did not actually take place, but it simply seemed to be a certain way. Reality is that aspect of life that people are actually living in the present. It is not easy for a man to be living in the reality without getting ideas about what to do next. Thus, arises the aspect of ideas and perception of the near future which gives rise to appearances. Appearance is something that seems to be or something that a person might think the actual situation consists of, but it

Podcasts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Podcasts - Essay Example In this scenario, subscribers are able to listen to podcasts using their computers, rather than sending them to a portable audio player. In fact, it is expected that coming editions of podcasting will include video signal. In this scenario, the cell phones with video potential will be capable of playing video podcasts. Actually, Adam Curry presented the idea of Podcasting. The application of this idea rose extensively with the emergence of networks and radio making material available for podcast fans. According to a research conducted by â€Å"USA Today† in February 2005 stated that over 3,300 podcast applications were available, immediately few months after its opening (Egger; Kayne; Lesinski, Walker and Leveque). Moreover, innovative technology based media has often replaced older media. However, it immediately does not take place that way. In fact, there are various aspects that turn out to be strictly out-of-date and have been replaced because of harsh boundaries they had (smoke signals are not that well-known any longer) however by and large, latest and innovative technology based media immediately supplements older media. Though, gestures did not turn out to be out of date for the reason that of speech. Additionally, the speech did not move away for the reason that of writing. In the same way, books did not put back the trend of letters. In addition, radio did not make books go absent, and neither did TV replace radio. On the other hand, the media backdrop is developing and the various kinds of media are affecting each other. Since people usually like to watch the Super Bowl on TV in place of listening to it on the radio. However, that is not equivalent "replacement". Additionally, radio certainly had to alter when TVs turned out to be well-known, however on the alternately, the number of radio stations almost certainly has augmented in those days (Egger; Kayne; Lesinski, Walker and Leveque). In this scenario, we have

Some Useful Recommendations in the law Commission's report 'Public Essay

Some Useful Recommendations in the law Commission's report 'Public Service Ombudsmen' - Essay Example It recommended that statutory provisions that warrant complaints to be made to ombudsmen in writing have to be repealed. Secondly, section 5(2) of the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 should be repealed. This is the section that directs that Ombudsmen should not carry out investigations on matters that can be the subject to judicial review proceedings or appeal unless the ombudsmen are satisfied that in the particular situation, it is not reasonable to expect the complainant to follow up the matter in such ways. The commission recommended that this section of the law be replaced with a discretion to investigate except where the matter is considered inappropriate. The third recommendation was that the Administrative Court should have an authority to stay in action before the matter to allow for an investigation or disposition of the matter by the public services ombudsman. Fourthly, a reaped should also be made on the ‘MP filter’ which similarly applies to the Parliame ntary Ombudsman. The public services ombudsmen should be able to complain either via an MP or directly. Fifthly, â€Å"a specific power to make a reference to the Administrative Court asking a question on a point of law† should be given to the Ombudsmen1. ... Finally, there needs to be a fundamental review of the current public services ombudsmen as well as the ombudsman's position in the landscape for administrative justice. An analysis of these recommendations shows that they are useful in enhancing the ability of the public services ombudsman to seek and deliver justice to the public in case of any complaints of injustice. However, the commission did not adequately focus on the role of the Ombudsman in regard to judicial review. Evidently, it dwelt much on the law and courts but failed to understand 'ombudsmary'. This inadequacy is highly evidenced by the case Bradley v Secretary of state for work and pensions [2008]. On 15th march, 2006, the public services ombudsman published a report entitled â€Å"Trusting in the pensions promise: government bodies and the security of final salary occupational pensions (HC 984)†. In this report, the public services ombudsman addressed the circumstances under which salary schemes were wound u p and it also revealed the role of the government on this scandal2. The ombudsman revealed that the department of work and pensions (DWP) had published leaflets encouraging the public to stick to company pension schemes but this information was incomplete and misleading. It failed to warn the public that their pensions were at risk if the pension schemes of their companies wound up. The ombudsman therefore concluded that there was a maladministration and the Actions of the DWP lead to injustice to the public. The findings of the ombudsman's report were rejected by the State's secretary for Work and Pensions. However, through a judicial review of this rejection, the actions of the state secretary for WP was

Sychoanalytic Theory And Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho Film Studies Essay

Sychoanalytic Theory And Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho Film Studies Essay The main concept of this essay is to point out how psychoanalytic theory could be used as a method of understanding and analyzing cultural products. The most valid approach for this is to observe how the cinema integrates psychoanalytical theories into specific film concepts. For this reason a Hitchcock film is used as an example, for it a common fact that there are many Freudian aspects in his movies. Specifically, Psycho is regarded by many film theorists and historians as the first psychoanalytic thriller (Kaganski as cited in Boulton, 2010). As implied by the title of the film, it is a movie whose plot is based on the Freudian Oedipus complex theory. First of all, it is noteworthy how the cinema developed a strong connection to psychoanalytic theories over the years. What is also interesting is the way in which a movie could be interpreted as a desire or a dreaming process. Moreover, in the second part of the essay, the correlation which Psycho has with psychoanalytical procedure is explored, in an effort to discover its kind and if it is actually the first psychoanalytic movie. Following a short presentation of the main plot, it is necessary to examine the nature of the Oedipus complex and how it is applied to the movie. Despite the fact that it remains the central psychoanalytic idea in the film, is not the only Freudian reference; the movie could also be interpreted through ego, superego and id psychoanalytic aspect. Finally, it is imperative to dissect the two protagonist characters and the famous murder scenes under the psychoanalytic perspective. CINEMA AND PSYCHOANALYSIS Cinema is considered to be among the most important institutions of the post modern society, one which serves numerous sociological purposes, through the use of art. The sociological perspective of cinema is but one side of the coin; the other side represents a more personal, more intimate psychoanalytical procedure. It is true that Freudian psychoanalysis is not a process concerned only with psychological models and consciousness. In modern society, psychoanalysis also constitutes a means of understanding works of great artistic and cultural values, such as cinematic films (Mertz, 1976). A movie could be experienced through the psychoanalytical lens in variety of diverse ways, such as the Freudian dream interpretation or as an object of our fantasy-desire (Lacan) or even as our identification through voyeurism (ibid). Freud characterizes the dream as the expression of a wish fulfilled; a movie could, conceivably, be seen as a dream, because on the screen we witness some of our desires being visualized. Spellbound and Marnie are two of Hitchcocks films that could be approached through the method of dream interpretation (Sandis, 2009). The history of the relation between psychoanalysis and cinema is divided into three periods. During the 30s, psychoanalysis became a familiar point of interest for the movie industry, although it was still somewhat superficial and had little to do with actual human behavior. After the Second World War, the references to psychoanalysis became even more apparent, because of the appearance of psychological problems. The Wars cinematic demonstration followed this optimistic evolution (Gale Dictionary of Psychoanalysis). Hitchcocks movies had a great impact in this certain period, mainly due to their deep connection with psychoanalytic concepts. Psycho (1960), North by Northwest (1959) or The birds (1963) are cultural works with oedipal themes in them. More recently psychoanalysis has been integrated in certain cinematic aspects as an objective cognitive method or even ridiculed method (for example in Woody Allens movie characters) (Gale Dictionary of Psychoanalysis). PSYCHO AND PSYCHOANALYSIS The movie is directed by Alfred Hitchcock and scripted by Joseph Stefano, who adapted the screenplay from the homonymous novel written by Robert Bloch. Blochs 1959 novel was based on the true story of a notorious psychotic serial killer, named Edward Gein. His murderous character has inspired many other serial killers such as Jame Gumb (Buffalo Bill) in the Silence of the Lambs (1991) (Dirks). The movie had a great impact in the 60s and since then Hitchcock is considered as the original creator of suspense. Psycho is so multilayered and complex a movie, that it reveals more and more of its essence with each viewing. This explains why there is such a controversy about what genre of movie it is. The main theme is mystery and Hitchcock promotes it with his unique direction technique. When the film was aired in theaters, he insisted that no one would have a seat after the film had started. Thus, the audiences speculated that something terrible was happening in the first few minutes (Dirks). Psycho is considered a film noir because it shares some common characteristics with those films but, at the same time, remains very peculiar. Through the perspective that a film noir conjures a universe where human desire fails to be fulfilled, Psycho could be regarded as one of those films (Palmer, 1986). Lacans object petite a theory is referred to an unattainable desire, such as Normans desire for Marion (Laplanche, Pontalis, 1986). There is also another theory which makes Psycho the first psychoanalytical movie (Kaganski as cited in Boulton). Specifically, it starts as a whodunit, then it is transformed into a horror film and then into a suspense film with elements of very dark, black comedy. However, if one digs deeper, it inevitably becomes apparent that the film is undoubtedly psychological with specific Freudian interpretations. Francois Truffaut has said: If Psycho had been intended as a serious picture, it would have been shown as a clinical case with no mystery or suspense. The material would have been used as a documentation of a case history (Truffaut as cited in Sandis, 2009:69). In addition to this aspect, Hitchcock has mentioned Probably the real Psycho story wouldnt have been emotional at all; it wouldve been terribly clinical (Hitchcock as cited in Sandis, 2009:70). He was referring to the real incident of mother obsessed Ed Gein, who used to dress up like his dead mother and had murdered about a dozen women (Sandis, 2009). The psychoanalytical view of the movie is illustrated as a parallel between Lila Cranes exploration of the gothic mothers house and the exploration of Bates divided mind. The Freudian element, which explains the construction of Normans personality, defines the concept of the story. First of all, there is a traumatic incident (matricide) causing a transfer of guilt (translated on this occasion into the Oedipus complex). This, in turn, causes a partial loss of the self and a deep identification with the victim (ibid). The story unfolds from this Freudian perspective. Thus, it is evident that Psycho is structured according to the psychoanalytic procedure. THE STORY Marion Crane is a Phoenix office worker, whose life falls short of her expectations. She cant get married with her boyfriend, Sam because he has to provide most of his money in alimony. One Friday her employer confided to her to deposit $40,000. Thinking that this is a good opportunity to take the money and start a new life, Marion leaves town, headed towards Sams store in California. A heavy rainstorm forces her to spend the night at Bates motel. The motel is managed by Norman Bates, a young man who has a very domineering mother. During the night Marion decides to return the money the next morning. Unfortunately, while she is taking a shower, an anonymous figure enters and stabs her to death. After extensive research, it is revealed that Norman has kept his mother to life through his split personality. Dominated by his mothers personality, Norman kills anyone he feels attracted to. In the final scene, we find Norman in prison, haunted by his mothers persona, thinking of how to prove her/his innocence. OEDIPUS COMPLEX Oedipus was the son of Laius and Jocasta, who was exiled from his homeland by his father because of a prophecy. The prophecy foretold that Oedipus would murder his own father. After many years Oedipus decided to discover his origins and returned to Thebes, where he met his father and, unwittingly fulfilling the prophecy, killed him. Then he was made king of the Thebans and was rewarded with the hand of Jocasta, who was his mother. When Oedipus realized that he had fulfilled the prophecy by killing his own father and having children with his mother, he blinded himself (Willner, 1982). Oedipus Rex is a famous Sophocles ancient Greek tragedy, which has been interpreted by Freud as nothing more or less than a wish fulfillment- the fulfillment of the wish of our childhood (Freud as cited in Willner, 1982). Specifically, Freud believes that boys are all destined to direct their first sexual impulse toward their mothers and their violent impulses toward their father. Under the, so called, positive form the complex is appeared as Oedipus story: death wish for the opponent who is the person of the same sex, the father and sexual desire for the person of the opposite sex, the mother. The Oedipus complex is experienced from 3 to 5 years old and is revived during the adolescent period. The liberation from this complex has to do with the healthy structuring of the personality (Laplanche, Pontalis, 1986). If the boy does not repress his sexual desire toward the Mother and does not identify himself with the Father, he cannot develop a normal personality. It is considered that the Oedipus complex is the main psychoanalytic idea of the movie and Norman Bates is its modern atypical version (Boulton, 2010). According to the films ending psychiatric speech: Now he was already dangerously disturbed, had been ever since his father died. His mother was a clinging, demanding woman, and for years the two of them lived as if there was no one else in the world. Then she met a manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and it seemed to Norman that she threw him over. Now that pushed him over the line and he killed them both (Boulton, 2010). Norman Bates did not manage to overcome his unconscious sexual desire toward his mother and acted out his also unconscious drive of killing the Father. That explains why the mother half of Normans mind has won (Boulton, 2010: 2). Psychiatrist Dr. Richmond illustrates that Norman has sexual desires for an attractive woman as normal men have, but his split personality does not allow him to develop a normal sexual intercourse. He explains to Lila (Marions sister) that When he (Norman) met your sister, he was touched by herà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦aroused by her. He wanted her. That set off the jealous mother and mother killed the girl! Now after the murder, Norman returned as if from a deep sleep. And like a dutiful son, covered up all traces of the crime he was convinced his mother had committed! (ibid: 2) Norman, driven by envy, killed his mother and her lover. In other words, he committed the crime of matricide, which is considered the most heinous and unpardonable crime and is especially unbearable for the son who commits it (Dirks). Trying to erase the crime in his own mind, he developed a split personality. As a result, he created an illusion that his mother was still alive. To make this illusion a physical reality, he stole her dead body and preserved it, using his taxidermist skills. In his delusional mind he played-acted and imagined that he was his mother and that she was as pathologically jealous of him as he was of her (ibid). In this way, he was acting as his mother and committed murders due to her jealousy. It is evident that he chose this horrific way to redeem himself from the matricide. EGO, SUPEREGO, ID Freud divided the human mind into three conflicting parts: the ego, the superego and the id. The ego rests between the id and the superego and provides us with a sense of self. It has to build a balanced relationship of dependency between the demands of the id and the imperatives of the superego (Laplanche, Pontalis, 1986). The id is comprised of innate biological drives, emotional impulses, instincts and dispositions. On the contrary, the ego is made up of those mental phenomena related to whatever environmental considerations constrain the id (Freud calls these the reality principle). For example, the basic id drive is hunger and it is constrained by ego beliefs about what food is available where (Sandis, 2009). Finally, the superego plays a role similar to that of a judge. Freud considers the moral consciousness, self-observation and the development of moral values and ideals as expressions of the superego. The superego is defined as the heir of the Oedipus complex in terms of par ental demands and prohibitions (Laplanche, Pontalis, 1986). Observing Norman Bates character through this theory, it is evident that he does not develop a strong enough ego in order to keep under control the powerful urges of both the id and the superego. Subsequently, the id and the superego manifest themselves as completely different personalities (Boulton, 2010). His sexual desire for Marion represents his id and her murder (murder of the sexual desire for Marion) represents an extreme expression of his superego. Norman Bates never detached himself from his mother and identified himself with the Father. Therefore he did not assimilate into what Lacan terms the symbolic order, the interconnected system of signs that every society constructs meaning and order around (Zizek as cited in Boulton 2010:2). Normans symbolic level is psychotic, so the superego acts in different ways. As Zizek (cited in Boulton, 2010:2) emphasized, it is the maternal superego that acts and dominates his mind. At times he can become both personalities. But most of the times the mother half put his mind under control. Freud compared the human mind to an iceberg. The tiny part of the iceberg, which appears above the water surface possibly, represents human perception. Below the surface lies a much darker, larger part of the iceberg representing the unconscious. There is no evidence if Hitchcock has ever come across the iceberg metaphor but he would have found it inspiring. Like Freud Hitchcock present us a certain familiar and ordinary picture that we are prepared to see (like the pick of the iceberg- conscious) but whose precise shape is always novel (the other part of the iceberg-unconscious). He also chose for his movies, ladies that appear cold as ice in order to reveal their oppressed thoughts and desires (Sandis, 2009). It is charming in terms of cinema suspense, for secret or repressed thoughts to rise to the surface. (Sandis, 2009) Furthermore, Slavoj Zizek (2005) compares the old, gothic house to the segmented personality of Norman Bates. The ground floor represents the ego and there he behaves as a normal son. The first flour represents the superego, where Norman is governed by the moral constrains of his mother. Finally the basement represents the id, the reservoir of the illicit drives of the psyche thats why his mothers skeleton is transferred there. The transfer of his mothers dead body from the first flour to the basement illustrates the deep connection of the id and the superego in Normans split personality. The exploration of the house is like a psychoanalytic process. Lila entered Normans bedroom and observed his personal items, which were a combination of childrens (boys and girls items) and adults things (signifying his disturbed personality) (Dirks). CHARACTERS Marion symbolizes the repressed woman of the modern America of the 60s, who tries to be emancipated. Judging from her sexual intercourses with her lover during lunch times in secret hotel rooms, one could say that she appears as an independent woman. On the other hand, she gets the money and leaves town, which means that she wants a different life, maybe more conventional, having a successful marriage. Normans character is the mirror-negative of Marion. She operates in the Name of the Father; Norman on the other hand, has not submitted to this paternal law and is entrapped in the desire of the mother' (Zizek as cited in Boulton, 2010). This theory is supported in terms of direction. As they stand together on the porch, the camera photographs the scene as if they were the two sides of the same coin, but Norman is also reflected in the glass window behind him (symbolizes his split personality) (Dirks). Norman Bates could be considered as a good looking, boyishly version of Sam (Marions boyfriend). As their encounter develops, however, this possibility is eradicated because it becomes obvious that he is not capable of adult sexuality, being held in sexual bondage with his mother (Palmer, 1986). As he mentions: -Norman: Do you know what I think? I think that were all in our private traps. Clamped in them. And none of us can ever get out. We scratch and claw, but only at the air, only at each other. And for all of it we never budge an inch. -Marion: Sometimes we deliberately step into those traps. (Psycho, 1960) Each of them gives different meaning to the word trap. Trap for Marion is the theft of the money or maybe her relationship with Sam. For a moment Norman seems that he speaks frankly, being conscious of his fragmented psyche. Unfortunately, after the discourse only Marion is capable of being subject to moral self-examination, deciding to return the money next morning. MURDER SCENES The shower murder scene is among the most famous in the history of cinema. The major film star-Marion- is stabbed to death after the first 47 minutes of the movies start. Even if someone has not seen the movie, he has undoubtedly seen this specific scene. It took a fully week to complete, using 70 cameras, fast cut editing of 78 film pieces and a naked stand in model (Marli Renfo) (Dirks). Despite the fact that it is one of the most jargonistic and violent scenes there is only implied violence because at no time does the knife penetrate into her body. In only instant one the knife touches her belly (ibid). However, it is the scene that made females, including Janet Leigh (Marion) not being able to take a shower for a very long time (Sullivan, 2006). Murdering Marion while she was taking a shower with a knife is not a coincidental choice. On the contrary it has a deeper meaning in terms of direction and psychoanalysis. Until that moment, Marion was the main protagonist of the film and the epicenter of the plot was her feeling guilty for thieving the money. Taking a shower, the water washes away her guilt and rejuvenates her (Dirks). There is an irony here, at the moment she was relieved someone entered and took her life violently. Moreover, the knife in Freudian terms is a phallic symbol. In this weird and abnormal way, Norman satisfied both his desires: the jealousy of his mother and his own desire, penetrating into the female body, using his knife. Marions dead body is standing on the cold floor, mixed with ejaculatory spurts of blood dripping down her legs from various gashes, which symbolizes a violent and deadly rape (ibid). Zizek with his documentary The Perverts Guide to Cinema (2005) underlines that after Marions murder the spectator identifies with Norman Bates persona. Suddenly the spectator is anxious of cleaning up Marions blood from the bathroom and of getting rid of her car in the swamp, relating to our satisfaction with a job well done. Suspense is generated when, whilst Norman Bates is disposing of Marions car (containing her body) in a nearby swamp, the car momentarily stops sinking, an anxiety arises in the viewer (Zizek as cited in Boulton, 2010). The suspense here deals with the spectators unconscious identification with Bates. This identification has to do with Hitchcocks use of gaze, the Hippolytuss gaze. This gaze is not a seen gaze, but a gaze visualized by the Self in the field of the Others idiosyncrasy. Everything is not observed just through the others eyes but through the others personal feelings. The gaze is not the Others glance as such, but the way this glance concerns me, the way the subject sees him/herself affected by it as to his/her desire (Zizek,1992:214). The second murder scene, the murder of detective Arbogast is more predictable. The fascination of the first murder diverts our attention from the second murder. Everything that happens before the murder act seems to announce it. When Arbogast enters the mothers house and stands at the staircase, the audience immediately feel that something terrible is going to happen. However, the suspense here has to do again with this weird immoral identification of the audience with Norman. The spectator desires Arbogast to be killed (Zizek as cited in Boulton, 2010). There is a noticeable aesthetic differentiation between the two murders, which is related to the symbolic split of the movies narrative (ibid). Marions murder still being in the Name-of-the father symbolic realm, it takes place in a motel room, which highlights the aesthetic of an anonymous modern America. On the other hand, Arbogasts death takes place in mothers house which represents American tradition, in the desire of the mother symbolic space (ibid). CONCLUSIONS It is evident that psychoanalytic theory is strongly related to the cinema. Specifically, in Hitchcocks films the Freudian theoretical models are considered as a main pattern of his movies structure. Hitchcock himself has admitted when he was interviewed by Francois Truffaut: -F.T.: I saw Spellbound again recently and I must admit that I didnt care very much for the scenario. -A.H.: Well, its just another manhunt story wrapped up in pseudo-psychoanalysisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Sandis, 2009:65) He might not have taken the subconscious too seriously and in his personal life he avoided doctors of the mind, as he had admitted, however, it is known that the famous director was not unfamiliar with psychoanalytic Freudian theories (Sandis, 2009). Nowadays the use of psychoanalytic theoretical models in cinema is the norm. It is not just a specialized knowledge that concerns a particular audience anymore; it is also used as a method of creating artistic, cultural products. On the other hand, not only cinema uses psychoanalytical procedure as a tool of creativity, but also cinema could be used through psychoanalytical process as a method of manipulation and control (Tania, 1968). There is a strong interaction between cinema and psychoanalysis. Members of the Frankfurt School believe that cinema is used through psychoanalysis in order to create various forms of easy, false pleasure as a way to keep the audience unaware of the real major social existing problems (ibid). This argument has some truth to a limited extent but there are also many examples which underline that cinema, using the psychoanalytical process, emphasizes serious sociological problems. However, whatever the purpose of using the psychoanalysis, the point is tha t psychoanalytical theories have a strong connection with the creation of literary or cinematic products.

Essays --

The populist and nationalist ideology of the Iranian Islamic revolution was attributed to the perception of a plague that has alienated Muslims from their roots and identity, and this plague was the Western culture. Western culture was a plague that must be fought and expelled as it influenced many young Iranians and deviate from the interpretation of Islam. To bring back the loyalty and faith to Islam as the one true way of awakening the oppressed and liberating the Third World from colonialism is a great manifestation of revolt and declaration. Ayatollah Khomeini dominated the revolution itself declaring that Shia Islam dictated for revolt and martyrdom against injustice and tyranny. He advocated for Muslims to reject the influence of the Soviet and American superpowers in Iran and developed the ideology that Muslims required guardianship. The Islamic jurists must rule to protect Islam from innovation and deviation by following the traditional sharia law and prevent poverty, injustice, and the deprivation of Muslim land by foreign non-believers. The establishment of and the obedience to the Islamic government were considered to be an actual obedience to God that was more necessary than prayer and fasting. The universal principle of true Islam was that the world only needed and deserved a just and true government which was the Islamic government. This revolutionary vision and ideology were supported by Khomeini and a great number of core supporters who were determined to establish a government ruled by Islamic clerics and defeated opposition from the different factions. America’s deep involvement in Iran for many years before the revolution was only for personal gain through government influence and through control of I... ...regime’s desire to recreate man was carried out with ideas of order and justice which revealed the true nature of its devastating power. Revolutionary Islamic justice is founded on the rejection of the concept of the individual as a juridical and moral person and was greatly manifested in the courts of the Islamic Republic as it rejected due process. Due process considers man as an autonomous and a fallible being and the denial of this logic is denial of due process. Khomeini’s regime saw the termination of the existence of many who resisted its ideology and protesting in the name of free will and freedom of conscience. It is therefore concluded that the Islamic rebels against God’s will by denying the existence of the very human beings He created; that the Revolutionary Islamist justice is ignorant of the true spirit of the traditional Muslim jurisprudence.

Culture and Communication Essay

The above figures show how different populations are spread in different countries all over the world. It implies that whenever we visit one country, we have to talk in a language that we shall be able to break communication barrier with our hosts. However, it has not been easy to break the cultural barrier between different communities. This is despite the fact that culture has appeared to be dynamic and changing with especially the changing technology. It has thus to be understood that cultural barrier is more than language barrier and if not carefully handled, the cultural barrier can provoke reactions that are negative and cause emotional reactions to the parties involved (Novinger, 2008). We need to understand that whatever that is taken to be of good behavior in one culture might actually be rudeness to others’ culture. You might also get that in one culture, there are issues that are very sensitive, but in actually sense, you don’t see them to be of any consequence in your own culture. This means that we need to understand the culture of the people we are in frequent communication with, so that we can speak the same culture rather than just speaking the same language (Gerry & Wilson, n. d). It is important to note that although there are various reservations given about the world of communication, there is need for having some good communication so that we carry on our culture, or else, the chances of such culture surviving might be minimal. Effect of culture on communication It is very difficult to discover the cultural inclination that is involved in communication by one person of a different culture to another. â€Å"The extend to which culture affects communication between people from different cultural groups is a function of the dissimilarity between the cultures, rules, or self concepts,† (Cushman & Cahn, 1984 pp 136). Culture is an important socialization aspect that can influence how we relate to other people and objects around us. The different in communication among people from different cultures comes from the uniqueness of the socialization process each has undergone. â€Å"Communication specialists estimate that some two-thirds to three-fourths of our communication take place nonverbally through behavior. Behavior itself is learned from our culture and all behavior communicates,† (Novinger, 2008 para 2). It is not possible to stop one from behaving in a certain way, and yet it is not possible to stop communicating. This means that at all time, we are constantly communicating in a behavior instilled in us by our culture. It is a common phenomenon for us to assume that our culture naturally shows how we are supposed to do things. In this aspect, we tend to look down upon other cultures as being less evolved. One might meet a person from one culture which might make them feel irritated by the fact that such a person might not be cooperative or might appear to be rude. It causes a lot of frustration when you find that a person you are having a conversation with is actually not getting what you are trying to put across. This might appear to you to be very simple, yet to the other partner, it is something that is complicated and new. It mostly depends on how the other party perceives issues altogether which might be completely different from your line of view. In this case, unless you see how the other person is perceiving the same information you are looking at, it will be very difficult to have a meaningful communication (LeBaron, 2003). In most instances, we have also assumed that our actions are governed by the free will. This is however not true since our culture is concerned with imposing certain rules unto us on the way we need to behave immediately we are born. Some common things that are leant at a tender age are when to talk and when not to talk, the gestures that are acceptable and the ones that are not, and we do also learn several table manners. In general, we learn on how to communicate with people in a manner that is totally acceptable to our culture. As Novinger (2008) argues, these communicative behaviors have some consequences, because as this â€Å"behavior is learned so well, it sinks to a subconscious level, so that when we interact with others, we operate on a sort of automatic pilot,† (para 4). While communicating to another person, it is rare to take note of whatever comes up during the communication which we consider to be normal. It is only the behavior that deviates from our cultural way of behaving that usually captures our attention much. In most instances, we take offence when such cases arise. We thus need to understand that the different way we perceive things from one culture does not necessarily mean that the other culture has a defect because of the perception they have on the same issue (Hauben, 1996). For instance, â€Å"Contrary to US culture, silence does not mean acceptance in other cultures,† (Sathyanarayan, n. d para 3). This means that there can appear some communication barrier in a meeting when one party has not understood anything and keeps quite. The other party may assume that by keeping quite, the other has fully understood what they were discussing, only to note that nothing has been put forward. This can be very frustrating especially if it is in a business entity and it might lead to a big loss to the business organization. In some instances, if the business or a project had a set deadline, a person will try to meet the deadline so as it does not appear like a case of disrespectful, yet in essence they are not sure of what is supposed to be done. This is usually common in relations that are still new. Another common cultural issue that can bring about communication barrier is that in some cultures, when in a meeting with high ranking officials, it is not good for members to give any contrary views. This means that despite the fact that a member might be having a certain pressing and important point but it is contrary to what the seniors are saying they might just keep quite. Therefore, a person from a different culture might be in problem understanding what is going on if they are in that kind of a meeting. In conclusions, we can say that it is easy to learn another person’s language to ease communication, but it is not enough, as there are a lot to be told by the culture which is usually portrayed in non verbal communication. Since culture is becoming very much dynamic, we can actually be able to learn the cultures of those we are constantly in touch with so that we can completely break the communication barrier. Reference: Cushman D P & Cahn D. D (1984): Communication in Interpersonal Relationships ISBN: 0873959094; SUNY Press Gerry & Wilson E (n. d): Communication and Culture, retrieved on 18th June 2008 from http://jmm. aaa. net. au/articles/85. htm Hauben M (1996): Culture and Communication, retrieved on 18th June 2008 from http://www. columbia. edu/~hauben/CS/usenet-culture. txt LeBaron M (2003): Culture and Conflict, retrieved on 18th June 2008 from http://www. beyondintractability. org/essay/culture_conflict/ Sathyanarayan M. M (n. d): Managing Offshore Projects: How Culture Affects Communications and Deliverables, retrieved on 18th June 2008 from http://www. offshoringsuccess. com/offshore_hcacd. html The University of the South Pacific Centre for Excellence in Learning and Teaching (n. d): Sample ELSE Test Questions, retrieved on 18th June 2008 from http://www. usp. ac. fj/fileadmin/files/academic/students/elsa_sample. pdf

Essay Papers

Essay Papers Essay Papers Every student has to read a lot in order to learn something from others. The apprentice works under the supervision of the master with object to learn his technique as well essay paperswriting requires definite period of training. Initially, it may be that you copy other writers. However, at the end, you should find your own voice at all costs. There are three things necessary to succeed in essay papers writing: talent, hard work, and courage. In our free blog you may find samples of essay on poverty, free Romeo and Juliet essays, as well as essay example on cause of crime. If we talk about talent as an ability to create a new quality, than someone can do more here. However, you, in yourselves, can only develop what was given to you by nature. Therefore, the work depends entirely on us only. To write well is a very difficult exercise. Of course, sometimes happens when the inspiration is upon us, then we just keep the pen in our hand. However, usually essay papers writing is a struggle linked with a sense of discomfort. Essay papers writing require great perseverance. If an author would write only under the influence of inspiration, then the library shelves would be empty. In addition to patience, we still need to have something that, at first, does not seem so obvious, especially when we just start working. It is courage. Why does the writing require courage? Because nobody will write your essay papers instead of you, and it will not be written by itself either. The only way to write essay papers, it is to take pen in hand and write it word by word. Just remember that college essay writer is the one who writes, rather than someone who thinks about it. Working with the Literature You can buy books, magazines, newspapers, etc. on your topic, or read them in the library. Today, the links to online sources are permitted, but one or two books and several articles have to be present in the references and bibliography. Otherwise, your work called penny-a-line.Time of Essay Papers Writing It is advisable to write academic essay with the expectation that it would be ready in advance, a week or several days before delivery. Otherwise, any force-majeure as ended cartridges in the printer, unforeseen cause, and others can damage your nerves and assessment of the essay writing.Hand in the Essay Papers In the evening, before handing assigned essay, you need to reread it a couple times and develop a coherent strategy of defending own point of view as set out in the essay, in case of be questioning by a teacher: Rely on Professional Paper Writing Service If essay papers writing is a challenge for you, try our professional essay papers writing services. Custom paper writing is a reliable service provided by experienced writers who are able to help with the most urgent and the most complicated assignments! if you do not know how to write a term paper or looking for term papers for sale, do not hesitate to order custom essay paper writing service at our site! Read also: Experience Essay Essays on the Intranet Essay Example on Cause of Crime Descriptive Essay Sample Controversial Issue Essay

The effects of the P-51 Mustang in World War II Essays - Free Essays

The effects of the P-51 Mustang in World War II Essays - Free Essays The effects of the P-51 Mustang in World War II P-51 Mustang w/ WWII The effects of the P-51 Mustang in World War II The Effect of the North American P-51 Mustang On the Air War in Europe by David Buckingham [emailprotected] IBH 20th Century History Mr. Peloquin George Mason High School Falls Church, Virginia March 27, 1995 [Unfortunately, we don't have a digitized image of this photo.] [Photo caption] Harry R. Ankeny, Jr., the author's grandfather, with his P-51, "Betsy," (named for the author's grandmother) at the end of his combat tour on August 16, 1944. Abstract This paper deals with the contributions of the P-51 Mustang to the eventual victory of the Allies in Europe during World War II. It describes the war scene in Europe before the P-51 was introduced, traces the development of the fighter, its advantages, and the abilities it was able to contribute to the Allies' arsenal. It concludes with the effect that the P-51 had on German air superiority, and how it led the destruction of the Luftwaffe. The thesis is that: it was not until the advent of the North American P-51 Mustang fighter, and all of the improvements, benefits, and side effects that it brought with it, that the Allies were able to achieve air superiority over the Germans. This paper was inspired largely by my grandfather, who flew the P-51 out of Leiston, England, during WW II and contributed to the eventual Allied success that is traced in this paper. He flew over seventy missions between February and August 1944, and scored three kills against German fighters. Table of Contents Introduction Reasons for the Pre-P-51 Air Situation The Pre-P-51 Situation The Allied Purpose in the Air War The Battle at Schweinfurt The Development of the P-51 The Installation of the Merlin Engines Features, Advantages, and Benefits of the P-51 The P-51's Battle Performance The Change in Policy on Escort Fighter Function P-51's Disrupt Luftwaffe Fighter Tactics P-51's Give Bombers Better Support Conclusion Introduction On September 1, 1939, the German military forces invaded Poland to begin World War II. This invasion was very successful because of its use of a new military strategic theory blitzkrieg. Blitzkrieg, literally "lightning war," involved the fast and deadly coordination of two distinct forces, the Wermacht and the Luftwaffe. The Wermacht advanced on the ground, while the Luftwaffe destroyed the enemy air force, attacked enemy ground forces, and disrupted enemy communication and transportation systems. This setup was responsible for the successful invasions of Poland, Norway, Western Europe, the Balkans and the initial success of the Russian invasion. For many years after the first of September, the air war in Europe was dominated by the Luftwaffe. No other nation involved in the war had the experience, technology, or numbers to challenge the Luftwaffe's superiority. It was not until the United States joined the war effort that any great harm was done to Germany and even then, German air superiority remained unscathed. It was not until the advent of the North American P-51 Mustang fighter, and all of the improvements, benefits, and side effects that it brought with it, that the Allies were able to achieve air superiority over the Germans. Reasons for the Pre-P-51 Air Situation The continued domination of the European skies by the Luftwaffe was caused by two factors, the first of which was the difference in military theory between the Luftwaffe and the Royal Air Force. The theories concerning the purpose and function of the Luftwaffe and RAF were exactly opposite and were a result of their experiences in World War I. During WW I, Germany attempted a strategic bombing effort directed against England using Gothas (biplane bombers) and Zeppelins (slow-moving hot-air balloons) which did not give much of a result. This, plus the fact that German military theory at the beginning of WW II was based much more on fast quick results (Blitzkrieg), meant that Germany decided not to develop a strategic air force. The Luftwaffe had experienced great success when they used tactical ground-attack aircraft in Spain (i.e. at Guernica), and so they figured that their air force should mainly consist of this kind of planes. So Germany made the Luftwaffe a ground support force that was essentially an extension of the army and functioned as a long- range, aerial artillery. The RAF, on the other hand, had experimented with ground-attack fighters during WW I, and had suffered grievous casualty rates. This, combined with the fact that the British had been deeply enraged and offended by the German Gotha and Zeppelin attacks on their home soil, made them determined to develop a strategic air force that would be capable of bombing German soil in the next war. Thus, at the beginning of WW II, the RAF was mostly a strategic

Demand for Equal Airtime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Demand for Equal Airtime - Essay Example The essay "Demand for Equal Airtime" talks about the Donald Trump’s appearance and hosting of the Saturday Night Live- SNL show that has raised alarm among three other Republican presidential nominee hopefuls. Trump’s appearance has been observed as free publicity offered to the Republican presidential nominee front runner. There is need for all political candidates and opponents to get equal opportunities for airtime. This allows and enables for the notion of free and fair elections as prescribed in the constitution. All candidates should be equally endeared to the public in regards to publicity stints offered by non-news programs. Under the equal-time rule, US television and Radio broadcast stations are tasked to provide equal opportunity to any political candidate opponents who request it. The rule was created because the FCC believed that broadcast stations could easily influence elections results by showcasing just a single point of view while excluding other candi dates. The equal time rule does not apply to news interviews, documentary, on the spot news or a scheduled newscast. Therefore, the three republican presidential nominee hopefuls are well within their rights to demand and file requests for equal airtime as that accorded to Trump on SNL which is a non-news program. The three GOP hopefuls have exercised their right in a bid to gain free publicity as well as aim to increase their low poll numbers. Under the FCC’s ‘equal time rule’, if a candidate receives a minute on a non-news shot.

Explosions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Explosions - Essay Example The Imperial Sugar dust explosion occurred four years after the U.S. Chemical Safety Board (CSB)  had conducted a study into the risks presented by dust explosions after three prior severe accidents in 2004. Unfortunately, all the recommendations the CSB made to the  Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) had only been partially acted on e.g. the outdated methods and construction materials that added to the severity of the Port Wentworth fire could have been detected. On the other hand the BP Texas City Refinery disaster was the result of gross negligence on the part of its management and workers. Rigot (2007) clearly outlines the Baker Panel’s findings on the incident. BP’s US refineries did not comply with its own internal process safety standards, process safety leadership was lacking and the work environment encouraged procedural noncompliance (7-15). Southwest Industrial Gases and CAI Inc. may have not directly been culpable for their explosions b ecause of the difficulty to judge whether the causes were accidental or intentional. However, the Bastian Plating Company’s poisonous gas incident was unacceptable. The night-shift leader avoided all precautions. Secondly, it is unacceptable for a team leader in a chemical plant to unknowingly create hydrogen cyanide. With the level of expertise, technology and knowledge in the US, most industrial explosions are preventable. Rigot (2007) cites the major causes of explosion to be latent organizational weaknesses, lack of effective reporting and learning culture within organizations and focus on injury and illness statistics rather than on process safety by both organizations and OHSA. In conclusion, Davis and Hansen (2009) propose that companies need to perform consequence analyses for their facilities to prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future

Mergers and Acquisitions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Mergers and Acquisitions - Essay Example It is done either through merger and acquisition where one company either devours another one or decides to merge together and form a new entity (Andrews and Smith, 2006). A significant number of these mergers and acquisitions either goes smoothly whether the companies emerge victorious and successful in the process, while in other case the deal fails to get through, and the companies suffer massive financial damages. a) Increased globalisation across the world has increased the number of across borders mergers and acquisitions around the world. The authors of the article named 'Dubious Logic of Global Mega-Mergers’, argue that most of the time the megamergers that take place, does not substantiate into something extra ordinary, as was thought to be. The article represents how the mega companies are still living under the shadows of the age old theory of the capitalists (Benner and Sandstrom, 2012). Most of the mighty and strong companies in and around the world strongly belie ve that the prevalence of one can only be guaranteed, if the prevalence of the others can be weakened. For example most of the big companies resort to constant and innumerable number of mergers and acquisitions in order to stay big and strong. ... As companies engage in innumerable cases of mergers and acquisitions the length and breadth of the industry begins to get shortened. Thus slowly the industry begins to shrink and thus there remains only limited number of players. These players happen to call the shots. This argument is favoured by various researchers. Although the authors Cravens (2010) state that in reality there is no cause and effect relationship between globalisation and mergers and acquisitions. In fact globalisations after the World War II has lead to decreased concentration in certain industrial sectors. Companies engage in engage in merger and acquisition to take advantage of the economy of scale. Apart from that the other advantages are transfer of technical know-how, sharing of intellectual resources and other strategic advantages. The authors are right in their view that the history of merger and acquisitions is strewn with numerous failures but close review of the failures will indicate that the failures were partly due to the management incompetency (David, James and Arthur, 2011). Due to incompetency, the management of the acquiring companies could not evaluate the exact economic value and the subsequent risks. Despite the fact that the history of mergers and acquisitions are riddled with innumerable failures but there are various successes stories also. The following table indicates the mergers and acquisitions in and round the world. It is indicated that the number of cross border as well within the border mergers and acquisitions increased by almost 100 times in the last period 1995 to 2000. If there were no successful cases of cross border mergers, then the number of cross border mergers and acquisitions would not have

Phillips International Essay Example for Free

Phillips International Essay Phillips International is exploring the possibility of reorganizing to focus more on its core health care business, Phillips Health. The company has cited two factors in support of this direction. First, the subject of health care has received more and more attention across America in recent years. Second, it has become the main area of growth for Phillips. Because Phillips has made natural supplements a profitable enterprise and Americans are becoming increasingly sceptical of the medical/drugs complex, the company may well be poised to supply a unique increasing demand in America. Positioning  Marketing gurus Jack Trout and Al Reis established the ground-breaking advertising concept of positioning. In their text Positioning: The Battle For Your Mind (McGraw Hill) they outlined what has become pretty much standard practice on Madison Ave. That is, through extensive survey and research establish the image and phrase that fits a creneaux (French for niche) within the mind of consumers. The ideas is to break down identification with a desirable product to a simple image and/or phrase that resonates with the populace. Phillips’ motto Sense and Simplicity could well be the perfect starting point to begin that positioning research. You can walk out on the street and perform your own informal survey. Ask any random working American what they would like to see in a health care system as profit-driven toward cure (as opposed to prevention) and complex as ours and nine times out of ten you will get words attempting to express one that makes sense and is simple to apply. As Phillips has grown by adopting sense and simplicity as its corporate culture and external identifying motto, it makes sense for Phillips to learn and apply the fundamentals of marketing to enhancing that winning hand. The last thing Phillips should want to do is spend vast sums on some big shot advertising firm that tries to make something wholesome and basic into something slick and trendy. It is advised as a first step that those employed within Phillips for marketing, in-house folks, read the basics texts on positioning (including the Trout/Reis) material and engage in their own surveys and research to determine how it might enhance its current marketability without radical changes. If it ain’t broke, don’t try to fix it. Should Phillips want to engage outside professionals in the future, this initial study and research will put Phillips in a knowledgeable position that will result in maximum results for the least possible cost obtained from those professionals. Proceeding in this fashion will assure Phillips re-inforces, rather than loses, its clear, stable and identifiable position in its customers’ minds, when it embarks on its launching of new companies. Transformation of Health Care  Phillips is interested in continuing to grow to the point it can contribute to, if not lead, a transformation of health care. There are two major hurdles to clear in effectuating such a transformation. The first, Phillips seems quite aware of already. Dr. Julian Whitaker put the problem very succinctly and frankly on Phillips Health’s own web links, Our health press has gotten Dangerously Dumb! Dr. Whitaker perhaps could have generalized more and been as accurate by removing health as adjective before press. Nonetheless, the result is the same. News, health and otherwise, has become so dummied down that any industry that relies on a well educated, relatively well-informed and free-thinking consumer base is fighting an uphill battle. This problem is exacerbated by the second hurdle that placed by the medical establishment and most particularly pharmaceutical manufacturers. No industry has a greater advertising budget. It is so wealthy it also constitutes the most well-heeled lobbying network in Washington and state capitals across the U.  S. The pharmaceutical industry’s plethora of immediate pain relief products (both physical and mental pain) for already existing maladies requires the least understanding on the part of its potential consumers to create want. Therefore their billions in advertising fits hand-in-glove with the short attention span, and dummied down nature, of conventional, modern media. Phillips has experienced some success in clearing those hurdles by way of offering a number of its own more educated health publications. Yet, there is an existing vehicle that Phillips might explore to exponentially increase the reach of it message. That is the alternative media field. There are literally tens of thousands of independent, and in most cases, small local newspapers across America. They have increased in number coincident with the increase of the consolidation of traditional media by corporate take-over. Before Phillips dismisses the idea as an invitation to go counter-culture, it ought to consider four factors. First, alternative is a term that has become increasingly mainstream. Certainly, during the sixties and seventies alternative was easily positioned with counter-culture. But since the eighties and into the new millenium the adjectival alternative has commonly been linked with such mainstream media as country music, comedy, mathematics, education, foods, radio and a host of other American activities and pasttimes. In seeming irony, even ultra conservative talk radio hosts refer to themselves as alternative news. Second, the readership of alternative news publications are predominantly free thinkers; just the population who would be open to purchasing the types of health care products Phillips offers. Third, alternative news outlets are extremely inexpensive to advertise in. Fourth, alternative news publications often consist of contributed material (they cannot afford to retain full time reporters) so they are generally open to news material submitted to them. Particularly, when that news offers insight not available on corporate media. Taking these four factors into consideration, Phillips may want to establish a writing unit that churns out high quality pieces on its wide array of product. The unit would establish a massive mailing list of alternative publications, in addition to straight health publications, that it regularly sends its material out to. You need not limit the work of such a reporting unit to alternative media. There are tens of thousands of local town newspapers that need material, and perhaps surprisingly are open to alternative ideas. Long Term In the long-term, there are other potentially effective avenues of exploration to consider in creating a the transformation of health care. It is recommended Phillips conduct two studies in particular. Only a couple decades ago Chiropractors were widely considered quacks. Four decades ago the AMA and FDA were actively attempting to destroy the practice. Chiropractors, like preventative health supplement suppliers, exchange a service that when practiced responsibly has the capability to preventing serious, debilitating health conditions. Now, Chiropractors are covered on virtually all employee health insurance plans in America. Imagine if the full array of Phillips products, including those taken on a purely preventative basis, were covered in health plans, private and governmental. Ignorance, prejudice, and jealous competition are the only factors in the path of that reality. It is recommended Phillips study the history of Chiropractors to see how this health practice went from outlaw to mainstream in such a short period of time. There may be a number of lessons learned in terms of making a greater number of your products eligible for government support. The second recommended study is of the physical fitness industry. While Phillips Health’s webpage shows an effort to engage the health field generally, it does not show a focus on fitness. Walk into any major gym these days, and you are likely to find an adjoining supplements shop. Natural supplements are discussed regularly among regular gym-goers, and it is a common topic in fitness magazines such as Men’s Health and Men’s Journal. Increasingly, those concerned with their own physical fitness are becoming more holistic in health outlook. They are looking for healthy diets and vitamin and mineral supplements. Many are exercising in the first place because they want to attain the type of health standards many of Phillips’ products are aimed at achieving. From an outsider’s view, the watchword suggested is reinforce your gains. Isolate what you are doing that is right, and redouble that effort. Engage in expansion plans, and achieving visions for transformation, without upsetting your winning strategy.

The Graphic Language and Design :: essays papers

The Graphic Language and Design Evolution of Design The old saying necessity is the mother of invention "continues to be true, and a new machine, structure, system, or device is the result of that need. If the new device, machine, system, or gadget is really needed, people will buy it, providing it does not cost too much. Then, naturally, these questions may arise. Is there a wide potential market? Can this device or system be made available at a price that people are willing to pay? If these questions can be answered satisfactorily, then the inventor, designer, or officials of a company may elect to go ahead with the development of production and marketing plans for the new project or system. A new machine, structure, or system, or an improvement thereof, must exist in the mind of the engineer or designer before it can become a reality. This original concept or idea is usually placed on paper and communicated to others by the way of the graphic language in the form of freehand idea sketches. These idea or design sketches lead even more sketches, such as computation sketches, for developing the idea more fully. The Young Engineer The engineer or designer must be able to create idea sketches, calculate stresses, analyze motions, size the parts, specify materials and production methods, make design layouts, and supervise the preparation of drawings and specifications that will control the numerous details of production, assembly, and maintenance of the product. In order to perform or supervise these many tasks, the engineer makes liberal use of freehand drawings. He or she must be able to record and communicate ideas quickly to associates and support personnel. Facility in freehand sketching, or the ability to work with computer controlled drawing techniques, requires extensive training in drawing with instruments and a thorough knowledge of the graphic language. A typical engineering and design department, many of the staff has considerable training and experience; others are recent graduates who are gaining experience. There is so much to be learned on the job and it is necessary for the inexperienced person to start at a low level and advance to more responsibility as experience is gained. Very much to the point is the following statement by the chief engineer of a large corporation: "Many of the male and female engineering students whom we interview have the impression that if they go to work at the drafting board, they will be only draftspersons doing routine work.